diff --git a/人工智能导论/复习笔记.txt b/人工智能导论/复习笔记.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3dc2dd3 --- /dev/null +++ b/人工智能导论/复习笔记.txt @@ -0,0 +1,117 @@ +һ +1.ܣ֪ʶۺϡУ֪ʶһΪĻǻȡ֪ʶӦ֪ʶ + и֪˼άѧϰΪص +2.˹ܣ˹ķڻ()ʵֵܣҲΪ +3.˹оҪݣ֪ʶʾ֪˼άѧϰΪ +4.˹ܵѧ +(1) (symbolicism)ֳΪ߼塢ѧɻѧɣԭҪΪϵͳ(Ųϵͳ)޺ԭ +(2) (connectionism)ֳΪѧɻѧɣҪԭΪ缰ӻѧϰ㷨 +(3) Ϊ(actionism)ֳΪѧɣԭΪۼ֪-Ϳϵͳ + + +ڶ ֪ʶʾ +1.֪ʶйϢһγɵϢṹ + ȷԡȷԡɱʾԵص +2.֪ʶʾ֪ʶʽģͻһν߼ʽܵȱʾ +3.⣺һ漴ٵij +4.ʽͨڱʾʵԼǵIJȷԶ + ȷԹ֪ʶIJʽʾ/ȷԹ֪ʶIJʽʾ/ȷʵ֪ʶIJʽʾ/ȷʵ֪ʶIJʽʾ +5.ʽ̺ʽıȽϣ߻ʽ̺ͬʽֻDzʽһ + ߼̺⣬ʽֲ򡢱任ӡ + ̺ʽֻܱʾȷ֪ʶʽԱʾȷ֪ʶ +6.ʽϵͳɹ⡢ۺݿͿϵͳɡ + ʽϵͳĹDzϴӹѡõĹۺݿƥĹ̡ +7.ܣһԵݽṹ +8.ԣһʹνʹʽΪ棬Ϊԡ + + + ȷ +1.ӳʼ֤ݳijֲԲݿ֪ϢƳۡ + ķɷΪ()˫ + (һ֪ʶƵijһĽ)(㹻Ƴһ֪ʶ)ȱʡ +2.ͻ֪ʶƥжƥɹ + ͻа򣬰֪ʵ򣬰ƥ򣬰 +3. Ȼһʵþ߼Ƴ۵Ĺ +4.ԭνʹʽһٷֽ + ֣ԭνʹʽ + Ӿ䣺κֵȡʽ + Ӿ伯ϣӾ乹ɵļ(ȡ) +5. νʹʽתΪӾ伯Ḷ́ȥνʹʽеġѷ񶨷ƵνʵλϣԪȥʣȫƵʽǰ棻ΪSkolem׼(Ӿĺȡʽ)ȥȫʣתΪӾ伯ʹÿӾŲͬ + ԽνʹʽIJתΪӾ伯ӾIJ +6.³ԭ(ԭ)Ӿ伯ǷڿӾ䣬ڣ˵Ӿ伯S㣻ڣӾ伯ѡʵӾйᣬһӾ䣬˵Ӿ伯S㡣 + ԭӾC1еL1ӾC2еL2ôC1C2зֱȥL1L2ӾIJȡ + ԪʽһһC12ӾͬԪҪ޸ıԪ +7.ᷴݣӦùԭ֤PҷQ֤㣬˵QP߼ + + +Ľ ȷ +1.ȷӲȷijʼ֤ݳòȷ֪ʶƳһ̶ȲȷԵֺĽ +2.ŶȣݾһΪų̶ + ŶӣCF(HE)CF(E)ʾһ֪ʶ֤ݵĿŶ + ŶȷҪգCFۺӰĹʽ +3.֤ۡ + ʷ亯M(A)ʾAֵζȣAӼ + κBel(A)ʾAΪγ̶ȣֳ޺ + ȻPl(A)ʾAΪǼٵγ̶ȣֳ޺1-Bel(A) + ֤ݵϣK=1-(Ϊ)M1M2=(Ϊ)M1M2 + M(A) = K^-1 * (ΪA)M1M2 +4.ģģϵ㣻ģϵģϵĺϳ(2)ģģ + + +彲 +1.һIJԻ򣬴֪ʶлȡõ֪ʶһʹý·ߵĹ + ΪäĿʽ + äĿָκضϢǰһIJ + ʽָضϢϸıķ򣬼һ +2.״̬ռIJ״̬ռ״̬ͲԪʾ(S,O,S0,G)ͨһϵеIJOʹS0תΪG +3.äĿͼԣ + ݲԣɽʱݵ·ĸ㣬鿴øǷӽڵδչ + ԣɳʼ״̬չ״̬ȻٽЩ״̬չһһչȥֱҵĿ״̬ + ŵ㣺ĿڵһҵҸ·· ȱ㣺Եʱռ临ӶȽϸߣýڵ + ԣӳʼ״̬һ֪չȥֱﵽһȻ޷չδҵĿ״̬һչֱҵĿ״̬ + ŵ㣺ռ临ӶȱȿС ȱ㣺Ȳ걸(һҵ)ҲŵģòҲ +4.ʽͼԣ + A㷨f(n) = g(n)+h(n)g(n)ʾʼ㵽nʵʴۣh(n)ʾn㵽ĿڵĹƴۣh(n)ʽϢ˼룬Ҫصh(n)f(n)ĴСչ״̬Ȼf(n)Сֵʼչ + A*㷨h*(n)Ϊ״̬nĿ״̬·ĴۣA㷨״̬nh(n)Сڵh*(n)A*㷨 + + + ܼ㼰Ӧ +1.㷨ǻȻѡȻŴƵһ㷨 +2.Ŵ㷨롢ʼȺ趨ӦȺơŴ(Ŵ桢)Ʋ趨 +Ŵ㷨Ļ˼룺ʱӶ⿪ʼȻͨһķ𲽵ԲµĽ⡣ , +3.ȺŴ㷨Ŵ㷨Ⱥ壬иơ桢ȲÿһнѡȺŸ彻 +4.Ⱥ㷨ܶȺ㷨ȺŻ㷨Ⱥ㷨 +5.㷨ǿĽģͣȺ㷨ǿȺԸԼ໥Эͬ + + + +߽רϵͳѧϰ +1.רϵͳһܵļ֪ʶֻרҲܽĸ⡣ +2.ѧϰʹģ˵ѧϰΪԶͨѧϰȡ֪ʶͼܣϸܣʵơ + ලѧϰ(ṩȷڲ)޼ලѧϰ(ȫջṩݵijЩͳƹڲ)ǿѧϰ(ȷ𰸶Ǹۣͨı) +3.ھ򣺴ӴУȡеġȲ֪ĵпõϢ +4.ݿݲֿݿһֻ洢ݣݲֿдʷݣݿµģݲֿһЩģɵȶݡ +5.רϵͳĹԭ˻ӿڡ֪ʶ⡢ݿ⡢֪ʶȡͽͻ +6.Զ֪ʶȡҪ񣺻ȡרϵͳҪԭʼ֪ʶԭʼ֪ʶ⡢ɡγȻ֪ʶȷ֪ʶרϵͳ +7.Զ֪ʶȡ߱ʶͼ֡⡢ɵдʵѧϰ +8.еʽѧϰʵʣÿռ任ȡʱ䣻ָʽѧϰʾѧϰ + + +ڰ˽ ˹缰Ӧ +1.˹磺һ򵥴Ԫ㷺Ӷɵ˹磬ǶԵijģ⡣ +2.ѧϰȨֵ߽ṹʹҪ +3.ģʽʶ𣺼ģ˵ĸ֪ģʽϢ(ͼ֡)ʶͷ +4.ĺôԸıʾиǿĺģ +5.BPļ get + + +ھŽ ϵͳ +1.agentԿһһʵ壬ǶڻУ֪֪ͨͨЧӦεڻҪ + agentص㣺(ܹûԤ¶)Ӧ(ܹ֪Ӱ컷)(agent֮໥Э)(ڽĹӦ)ƶ(Դûһ̨ƶһ̨) +2.ӦʽagentܹʱٵӦϢͻı仯̶ܳȽϵҲȱӦ +3.˼ʽagentһԤ֪ģڶ̬һľԣδ֪нϸߵܣ޷Իı仯ӦִЧԽϵ +4.ʽagentۺ˷Ӧʽagent˼ʽagentнǿԺͿٵӦ + + + +